Solve on Difficult part in Circuit

Discussion of how to produce and solving this part

Last week ,we have been problem on the same problem in this week.We research and troubleshoot about this part in our project.We have to check the output from pin 3 and pin 10 to produce 2hz. From that,we will know our project will be function well. Below shown picture of our critical part in our circuit.

Difficul part

The construction for IC1 which is 4060

Explanation of above picture:

Based on the pic above,for Ic 1 which is 4060,for every pin 1,2,3,7,5,4,6,14,13 and 15 their have their own symbol and have their own calculation.For our circuit,we need to produce 2hz with using pin 3 which is Q13 counter output 1638(timing diagram at negative edge clock).It means pin 3 is timer counting until 1638 (which is wave can see at datasheet) than output wil produce.Led will flashing late so we exchange the circuit into pin 7 which is Q3 count is 16,the led will flashing faster than the original circuit.

By the way for IC2 counter and IC3a 4 input And Gate are wired in order to divided by 3000 the 2hz clock,therefore a pulse every 30 minutes is available at the clock input of IC5.The division factor of IC is controlled by IC3B .

Below show the timing diagram:

Using the timing diagram ,we change the circuit to make a faster result .

For watch crytsal wil update next week

Note :

• wanting the utmost precision and if a digital frequency meter is available, a 50pF 50V Ceramic Trimmer Capacitor can be used in placeof C2.It must be adjusted in order to read exactly 32.768khz on the meter display with the input probe connected to pin9 of Ic1.

Construct And Testing Circuit

By this week ,we have done assemble and construct all the component on the breadboard.The hard process, we have problem on construct the switch which is using a rotary switch that have 2 pole and 6 ways.I and my partner have been research and find the datasheet and search how using this rotary switch.We also have been ask our supervisor and other lecturer about this problem.Then,we have try our best to construct on our breadboard.On the next day we enter lab to check our output,but we doesn't have any output being produce by our project.

We have to troubleshoot again because from the starting of circuit have problem which come from of our watch crystal 32.768 khz. Moreover,we want to test either the 2 khz from IC 1 which is 4060 that have 14 stage ripple counter will produce the 2khz or not.The result show that no output come from this ic. This problem is hard process for us to settle it down.It takes more time to troubleshoot and make some modification on this circuit.

Instead of that,we construct again in other breadboard to make sure our circuit  is successfully produce the output.We hope on the next week the result will be better than the result we get this week.


Below is our project which is  in construction of component on breadboard 

in constuction 

rotary switch 

Next week ,we will show our progression about our project.

Component Assemble

Assalamualaikum

For our progression in this week,we assembly all component to breadboard before we transfer to strip board.The construction of circuit are not done yet because of switch and addition of circuit on buzzer.Regarding to our problem to construct the switch and adding a circuit of buzzer,we have to discuss with our supervisor to settle of our problem.By the way,we need to improve our timing circuit because the result are running in slow, based on our original circuit,the time to set are starting from 4 hours, its difficult to see the result directly when to testing the circuit,so we need to discuss with our supervisor regarding this problem.Or else this project will hang in the middle line.

Below are a shown closely of our component:

We have 7( TIMER CIRCUIT)types of IC which are :

IC 4060

IC 4040

IC 4082

IC 4075

IC 4520

IC 4001

We have Led and Piezo sounder :

LED

Piezo Sounde

We have resistor and capacitor:

10 M 1/4 resistor

100K 1/4 resistor

10K 1/4 resistor

1K 1/4 resistor

 22pF 63V Ceramic Capacitors

22µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor

100nF 63V Polyester Capacitors

1µF 63V Polyester

We have toggle switch and rotary switch

detail of toggle switch

Toggle switch

rotary switch

Detail of rotary switch

We have watch crystal 32.768Khz

We have 9v Battery

Tools that we use are long nose,cutter,jumper and breadboard included all component together.

All the component not so expensive,the IC are very cheap and easy to get at Jalan Pasar,Our project is simple and no programming to use in this project.This project more to setting of timningto take medicine

Next post ,we will show the progression of our construction on breadboard and the result.

Buy & Search Component at Jalan Pasar

Last week,we are heading to Jalan Pasar to buy and search component,actually this is our second time heading there,for the first time heading there on 4/7/2012 .In this second trip, we search and buy component that we booked and missing component before.In addition,from our calculation,our costing for our component and tools is around RM 150 not including the housing.Moreover,all our component are available at Jalan Pasar and easy to get, no need to booking from oversea or any places.We are heading to 3 common shop which are R.E.SPARES.SDN.BHD, NASAMAS ELECTRONICS SDN. BHD and MELECTRON SDN.BHD.

Below are shown some of picture at Jalan Pasar :

 In front of component's shop

Some of shops at Jalan Pasar

There are many component of our project that we bought at Jalan Pasar.Below are shown of all component of our project.

overall of our component

P/S: next entry will reveal on  function of  each components.

Scope & Limition Brailled Pill Organiser

Scope and Limition of our project

Basically this project -Brailled Pill Organiser is suitable to use by someone who has problem with the eyes which is blind people,we want to help them easy to take care of their schedule of medicine in their life.As we know,they had difficulty on their eye so we decided to create something to make  some of their activity life became easier.By setting the time with 6 time interval will make sure them to eat medicine on time by producing output using buzzer.

Scope of the project

1. A medium box with brailled code which is only number to set up the timer.
2. Using power supply of battery which is 9V.
3. The output can is shown by buzzer or led.

Limition of project

1. Only have 6 time intervals starting with 4 hours until 48 hours
2. using battery not more than 9V and cannot be charge.
3. Provide a Reset to make a new setting time.

Conclusion:

By this way blind people can use and bring it anytime for make sure them remember their schedule of taking medicine with buzzer sound.The buzzer sound will help them the time that set for eating medicine is on that time.Even cant see,the brailled code that we put in this project will help them to know to setting the time and to reset the time properly.

This project is more to timer by using many ic that related to timer,we are not using any program or pic to build this project.This project is manually set up by the user of our project.

The limition of our project only can be set up by 6 time interval but doesnt have a day of a week.Its only shown the number of time to set up by brailled code.

BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

Above are shown Block Diagram of our project

Description:

Button Set is one of our important key in to set or choose input to our data .It functions is to set number of time which include special design for blind people is brailled code.There are 6 button that show 6 interval time to set up.

Watch Crystal is our main component for our project.This watch crystal oscillating at 32.768 khz.This frequency is divided by 16384 by internal flip flop of chain in our circuit.Its a little bit to locate but still can use it.

Reset Button is to clear up timer and back to zero state.


Flashing LED & Buzzer sound are the output that been produce of our project.Signal from the input will be display at this output.It will flashing and sound wil be heard on time that been set.

Circuit of pill reminder/Organiser

The picture above shown of our circuit.

Based on the circuit above,we can conclude that are many Cmos Ic used in this circuit.There are 6 types of Ic are located in this circuit.This circuits is to built up a real timer.How it operates?.This project will operates by flashing l.e.d and add up a beeper sound which came from piezo sounder. A Piezo sounder (incorporating a 3KHz oscillator) can be added to provide a visual plus audible alert. It must be wired across pin #11 of IC6D and negative ground, respecting polarities.Its will operate at fixed hour interval. A choice of time-intervals as wide as possible is available with this circuit, namely 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours.We add up  braille word to make sure a blind people can used it.We put braille on the choice of time-interval.

The clock of the circuit is made of internal oscillator built around two inverters embedded into ic 1 which is IC 4060 and watch cyrstal oscillating at 32.768 Khz.This frequency divide by 16384(1/16384 of clock frequency) at Q14 which at internal flip flop of IC 4060(IC1).Q14 is number of output .A 2Hz very stable clock frequency at pin 3 of this ic.IC2 counter and IC3A 4 input AND gate are wired in order to divide by 3600 the 2Hz clock, therefore, a pulse every 30 minutes is available at the clock input of IC5.Pin 9 at IC1 is empty because already using watch crystal that produce 2Hz.All division factor are controlled by IC3B and the position of SW1A and B,selecting from six time-intervals fixed to 4, 6, 8,12,24 and 48 hours.

IC6B and IC6C is formed of a reset flip flop which set through IC4C each time a low to high transition is present at the pin of IC5 selected by SW1B cursor.IC6A and C4 provide to set the flip-flop also when a high to low transition is present at SW1B cursor.The flashing led will operates when the flip flop is set IC6D is enabled and the 2Hz frequency available at pin #3 of IC1 is applied to pin #13 of IC6D.P1 can reset the flip flop and the master reset automatically done at switch on by C6 and R7.

For backup or alternative ways(extra circuit)

The circuit above is Alternative Clock.Why we need extra circuit?Because sometimes Watch crystal is hard to locate.Alternative clock provide directly oscillating at 2Hz and can minimize the used of ic.A CMos 7555 Timer IC(used this ic as alternative clock) generates a stable 2Hz square wave, whose frequency must be accurately set by means of two trimmers. R10 must be adjusted first for coarse tuning, then R11 for fine tuning. In any case, after an accurate setup, this oscillator showed a very stable performance, not affected by battery voltage variations and an accuracy of about ±30 seconds per 24 hours interval.

The list of components shown below ( not including alternative clock)

R1______________10M 1/4W Resistor
R2,R3,R4_______100K 1/4W Resistors
R5,R7___________10K 1/4W Resistors
R6_______________1K 1/4W Resistor
C1,C2___________22pF 63V Ceramic Capacitors (See Notes)
C3______________22µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C4,C5__________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
C6_______________1µF 63V Polyester, Multilayer Ceramic or Electrolytic Capacitor
IC1____________4060 14 stage ripple counter and oscillator CMos IC
IC2____________4040 12 stage ripple counter CMos IC
IC3____________4082 Dual 4 input AND gate CMos IC
IC4____________4075 Triple 3 input OR gate CMos IC
IC5____________4520 Dual binary up-counter CMos IC
IC6____________4001 Quad 2 input NOR Gate CMos IC
D1_____________5 or 10mm red LED
XTAL_________32.768 kHz Sub-miniature Watch crystal
P1_____________SPST Pushbutton
SW1____________2 poles 6 ways Rotary Switch
SW2____________SPST Toggle or Slide Switch
B1_______________9V PP3 Battery Clip for PP3 Battery

P/s:Explanation of components,searching and buying all components at Jalan Pasar will be reveals on next post :)